CGAL 6.1.1 - 2D and 3D Linear Geometry Kernel

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CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel > Class Template Reference
Reference Manual » 3D Kernel Objects

`#include <CGAL/Sphere_3.h>`

## Definition

template<typename Kernel>
class CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >

An object of type `Sphere_3` is a sphere in the three-dimensional Euclidean space \( \E^3\).

The sphere is oriented, i.e. its boundary has clockwise or counterclockwise orientation. The boundary splits \( \E^3\) into a positive and a negative side, where the positive side is to the left of the boundary. The boundary also splits \( \E^3\) into a bounded and an unbounded side. Note that the sphere can be degenerated, i.e. the squared radius may be zero.

Is model of
  `Kernel::Sphere_3`
  `Hashable` if `Kernel` is a cartesian kernel and if `Kernel::FT` is `Hashable`

## Creation
| Sphere_3 (const Point_3< Kernel > &center, const Kernel::FT &squared_radius, const Orientation &orientation=COUNTERCLOCKWISE)
| introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.
| Sphere_3 (const Point_3< Kernel > &p, const Point_3< Kernel > &q, const Point_3< Kernel > &r, const Point_3< Kernel > &s)
| introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.
| Sphere_3 (const Point_3< Kernel > &p, const Point_3< Kernel > &q, const Point_3< Kernel > &r, const Orientation &o=COUNTERCLOCKWISE)
| introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.
| Sphere_3 (const Point_3< Kernel > &p, const Point_3< Kernel > &q, const Orientation &o=COUNTERCLOCKWISE)
| introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.
| Sphere_3 (const Point_3< Kernel > &center, const Orientation &orientation=COUNTERCLOCKWISE)
| introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.
| Sphere_3 (const Circle_3< Kernel > &c)
| introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.

## Access Functions
const Point_3< Kernel > & | center () const
| returns the center of `c`.
Kernel::FT const & | squared_radius () const
| returns the squared radius of `c`.
Orientation const & | orientation () const
| returns the orientation of `c`.
bool | operator== (const Sphere_3< Kernel > &sphere2) const
| returns `true`, iff `c` and `sphere2` are equal, i.e. if they have the same center, same squared radius and same orientation.
bool | operator!= (const Sphere_3< Kernel > &sphere2) const
| returns `true`, iff `c` and `sphere2` are not equal.

## Predicates
bool | is_degenerate () const
| returns `true`, iff `c` is degenerate, i.e. if `c` has squared radius zero.
Oriented_side | oriented_side (const Point_3< Kernel > &p) const
| returns either the constant ON_ORIENTED_BOUNDARY, ON_POSITIVE_SIDE, or ON_NEGATIVE_SIDE, iff `p` lies on the boundary, properly on the positive side, or properly on the negative side of `c`, resp.
Bounded_side | bounded_side (const Point_3< Kernel > &p) const
| returns ON_BOUNDED_SIDE, ON_BOUNDARY, or ON_UNBOUNDED_SIDE iff `p` lies properly inside, on the boundary, or properly outside of `c`, resp.
bool | has_on_positive_side (const Point_3< Kernel > &p) const
bool | has_on_negative_side (const Point_3< Kernel > &p) const
bool | has_on_boundary (const Point_3< Kernel > &p) const
bool | has_on_bounded_side (const Point_3< Kernel > &p) const
bool | has_on_unbounded_side (const Point_3< Kernel > &p) const
bool | has_on (const Point_3< Kernel > &p) const
bool | has_on (const Circle_3< Kernel > &p) const

## Miscellaneous
Sphere_3< Kernel > | opposite () const
| returns the sphere with the same center and squared radius as `c` but with opposite orientation.
Sphere_3< Kernel > | orthogonal_transform (Aff_transformation_3< Kernel > const &at) const
| returns the sphere obtained by applying `at` on `c`.
Bbox_3 | bbox () const
| returns a bounding box containing `c`.

## Constructor & Destructor Documentation

## ◆ Sphere_3() [1/6]

template<typename Kernel >

CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::Sphere_3 | ( | const Point_3< Kernel > & | center,
|  | const Kernel::FT & | squared_radius,
|  | const Orientation & | orientation = `COUNTERCLOCKWISE`
| ) |  |

introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.

It is initialized to the sphere with center `center`, squared radius `squared_radius` and orientation `orientation`.

Precondition
  `orientation != COPLANAR` and `squared_radius >= 0`.

Exactness
  This construction is trivial and therefore always exact in `Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel`.

## ◆ Sphere_3() [2/6]

template<typename Kernel >

CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::Sphere_3 | ( | const Point_3< Kernel > & | p,
|  | const Point_3< Kernel > & | q,
|  | const Point_3< Kernel > & | r,
|  | const Point_3< Kernel > & | s
| ) |  |

introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.

It is initialized to the unique sphere which passes through the points `p`, `q`, `r` and `s`. The orientation of the sphere is the orientation of the point quadruple `p`, `q`, `r`, `s`.

Precondition
  `p`, `q`, `r`, and `s` are not coplanar.

## ◆ Sphere_3() [3/6]

template<typename Kernel >

CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::Sphere_3 | ( | const Point_3< Kernel > & | p,
|  | const Point_3< Kernel > & | q,
|  | const Point_3< Kernel > & | r,
|  | const Orientation & | o = `COUNTERCLOCKWISE`
| ) |  |

introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.

It is initialized to the smallest sphere which passes through the points `p`, `q`, and `r`. The orientation of the sphere is `o`.

Precondition
  `o != COPLANAR`.

## ◆ Sphere_3() [4/6]

template<typename Kernel >

CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::Sphere_3 | ( | const Point_3< Kernel > & | p,
|  | const Point_3< Kernel > & | q,
|  | const Orientation & | o = `COUNTERCLOCKWISE`
| ) |  |

introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.

It is initialized to the smallest sphere which passes through the points `p` and `q`. The orientation of the sphere is `o`.

Precondition
  `o != COPLANAR`.

## ◆ Sphere_3() [5/6]

template<typename Kernel >

CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::Sphere_3 | ( | const Point_3< Kernel > & | center,
|  | const Orientation & | orientation = `COUNTERCLOCKWISE`
| ) |  |

introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.

It is initialized to the sphere with center `center`, squared radius zero and orientation `orientation`.

Precondition
  `orientation != COPLANAR`.

Postcondition
  `c.is_degenerate()` = `true`.

Exactness
  This construction is trivial and therefore always exact in `Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel`.

## ◆ Sphere_3() [6/6]

template<typename Kernel >

CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::Sphere_3 | ( | const Circle_3< Kernel > & | c | ) |

introduces a variable `c` of type `Sphere_3`.

It is initialized to the diametral sphere of the circle.

Exactness
  This construction is trivial and therefore always exact in `Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel`.

## Member Function Documentation

## ◆ center()

template<typename Kernel >

const Point_3< Kernel > & CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::center | ( |  | ) | const

returns the center of `c`.

Exactness
  This construction is trivial and therefore always exact in `Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel`.

## ◆ opposite()

template<typename Kernel >

Sphere_3< Kernel > CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::opposite | ( |  | ) | const

returns the sphere with the same center and squared radius as `c` but with opposite orientation.

Exactness
  This construction is trivial and therefore always exact in `Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel`.

## ◆ orientation()

template<typename Kernel >

Orientation const & CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::orientation | ( |  | ) | const

returns the orientation of `c`.

Exactness
  This construction is trivial and therefore always exact in `Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel`.

## ◆ orthogonal_transform()

template<typename Kernel >

Sphere_3< Kernel > CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::orthogonal_transform | ( | Aff_transformation_3< Kernel > const & | at | ) | const

returns the sphere obtained by applying `at` on `c`.

Precondition
  `at` is an orthogonal transformation.

## ◆ squared_radius()

template<typename Kernel >

Kernel::FT const & CGAL::Sphere_3< Kernel >::squared_radius | ( |  | ) | const

returns the squared radius of `c`.

Exactness
  This construction is trivial and therefore always exact in `Exact_predicates_inexact_constructions_kernel`.