// Copyright (c) 2020 GeometryFactory SARL (France).
// All rights reserved.
//
// This file is part of CGAL (www.cgal.org).
//
// $URL: https://github.com/CGAL/cgal/blob/v6.2-beta1/Shape_regularization/include/CGAL/Shape_regularization/Segments/Angle_regularization_2.h $
// $Id: include/CGAL/Shape_regularization/Segments/Angle_regularization_2.h 431cfb5357d $
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later OR LicenseRef-Commercial
//
//
// Author(s)     : Dmitry Anisimov, Gennadii Sytov, Jean-Philippe Bauchet, Florent Lafarge
//

#ifndef CGAL_SHAPE_REGULARIZATION_ANGLE_REGULARIZATION_2_H
#define CGAL_SHAPE_REGULARIZATION_ANGLE_REGULARIZATION_2_H

#include <CGAL/license/Shape_regularization.h>

// Boost includes.
#include <CGAL/boost/graph/named_params_helper.h>
#include <CGAL/Named_function_parameters.h>

// Internal includes.
#include <CGAL/Shape_regularization/internal/Segment_wrapper_2.h>
#include <CGAL/Shape_regularization/internal/Orthogonal_groups_2.h>
#include <CGAL/Shape_regularization/internal/Parallel_groups_2.h>

namespace CGAL {
namespace Shape_regularization {
namespace Segments {

  /*!
    \ingroup PkgShapeRegularizationRefSegments

    \brief An angle-based regularization type for 2D segments that reinforces
    parallelism and orthogonality relationships.

    \tparam GeomTraits
    a model of `Kernel`

    \tparam InputRange
    a model of `Range` whose iterator type is `RandomAccessIterator`

    \tparam SegmentMap
    a model of `ReadWritePropertyMap` whose key type is the value type of the input
    range and value type is `GeomTraits::Segment_2`. The default is
    `CGAL::Identity_property_map<typename GeomTraits::Segment_2>`.

    \cgalModels{RegularizationType}
  */
  template<
  typename GeomTraits,
  typename InputRange,
  typename SegmentMap = CGAL::Identity_property_map<typename GeomTraits::Segment_2> >
  class Angle_regularization_2 {
  public:

    /// \name Types
    /// @{

    /// \cond SKIP_IN_MANUAL
    using Traits = GeomTraits;
    using Input_range = InputRange;
    using Segment_map = SegmentMap;
    /// \endcond

    /// Number type.
    typedef typename GeomTraits::FT FT;

    /// \cond SKIP_IN_MANUAL
    using Point_2 = typename Traits::Point_2;
    using Vector_2 = typename Traits::Vector_2;
    using Segment_2 = typename Traits::Segment_2;
    using Direction_2 = typename Traits::Direction_2;

    using Segment_wrapper_2 = internal::Segment_wrapper_2<Traits>;
    using Orthogonal_groups_2 = internal::Orthogonal_groups_2<Traits, Input_range, Segment_map>;
    using Parallel_groups_2 = internal::Parallel_groups_2<Traits, Input_range, Segment_map>;
    using Indices = std::vector<std::size_t>;
    /// \endcond

    /// @}

    /// \name Initialization
    /// @{

    /*!
      \brief initializes all internal data structures.

      \tparam NamedParameters
      a sequence of \ref bgl_namedparameters "Named Parameters"

      \param input_range
      a range of 2D segments to be regularized

      \param np
      an optional sequence of \ref bgl_namedparameters "Named Parameters"
      among the ones listed below; this parameter can be omitted,
      the default values are then used

      \cgalNamedParamsBegin
        \cgalParamNBegin{maximum_angle}
          \cgalParamDescription{maximum allowed angle deviation in degrees of a segment
            from its initial orientation}
          \cgalParamType{`GeomTraits::FT`}
          \cgalParamDefault{25 degrees}
        \cgalParamNEnd
        \cgalParamNBegin{segment_map}
          \cgalParamDescription{an instance of `SegmentMap` that maps an item from `input_range`
          to `GeomTraits::Segment_2`}
          \cgalParamDefault{`SegmentMap()`}
        \cgalParamNEnd
      \cgalNamedParamsEnd

      \pre input_range.size() >= 2
      \pre maximum_angle >= 0 && maximum_angle <= 90
    */
    template<typename NamedParameters = parameters::Default_named_parameters>
    Angle_regularization_2(
      InputRange& input_range,
      const NamedParameters& np = parameters::default_values()) :
    m_input_range(input_range),
    m_segment_map(parameters::choose_parameter(parameters::get_parameter(
      np, internal_np::segment_map), SegmentMap())),
    m_num_modified_segments(0) {

      const FT max_angle = parameters::choose_parameter(
        parameters::get_parameter(np, internal_np::maximum_angle), FT(25));
      CGAL_precondition(max_angle >= FT(0) && max_angle <= FT(90));

      m_max_angle = max_angle;
      if (m_max_angle < FT(0) || m_max_angle > FT(90)) {
        std::cerr << "WARNING: The maximum angle bound has to be within [0, 90]! ";
        std::cerr << " Setting to the default value: 25 degrees." << std::endl;
        m_max_angle = FT(25);
      }
      clear();
      create_unique_group();
    }

    /*!
      \brief inserts a group of segments from `input_range`.

      Each group of segments is provided as a collection of their indices and only
      segments within the group are being regularized that is no relationships
      between segments from different groups are taken into account.

      The user must not use this method until he has meaningful groups of segments
      (see more in the user manual). By default, all segments are inserted as a group.

      \tparam IndexRange
      a model of `ConstRange` whose value type is `std::size_t`

      \param index_range
      a const range of segment indices

      \pre index_range.size() >= 2
    */
    template<typename IndexRange>
    void add_group(
      const IndexRange& index_range) {

      if (m_is_first_call) {
        clear();
        m_is_first_call = false;
      }

      if (index_range.size() < 2) return;
      update_wrappers(index_range);
      ++m_num_groups;
    }

    /// @}

    /// \name Access
    /// @{

    /*!
      \brief calculates the target value between 2 segments, which are
      direct neighbors to each other.

      The target value is the angle difference between initial orientations
      of two segments `i` and `j`.

      \param i
      index of the first segment

      \param j
      index of the second segment

      \pre i >= 0 && i < input_range.size()
      \pre j >= 0 && j < input_range.size()
    */
    FT target(
      const std::size_t i,
      const std::size_t j) const {

      CGAL_precondition(i < m_input_range.size());
      CGAL_precondition(j < m_input_range.size());
      CGAL_assertion(m_wraps.size() == m_input_range.size());

      const auto& wrapi = m_wraps[i];
      CGAL_assertion(wrapi.is_used);
      const auto& wrapj = m_wraps[j];
      CGAL_assertion(wrapj.is_used);

      const FT angle_deg = internal::mod90_angle_difference_2(
        wrapi.orientation, wrapj.orientation);
      const FT target_value = angle_deg;
      return target_value;
    }

    /*!
      \brief returns `maximum_angle`.
    */
    const FT bound(const std::size_t) const {
      return m_max_angle;
    }

    /*!
      \brief applies new orientations computed by the `QuadraticProgramTraits`
      to the initial segments.

      Number of values in `solution` equals to the number n of segments being
      regularized + the number m of neighbor pairs between these segments. Each
      of n values is an angle that is added to the initial segment orientation.

      \param solution
      a vector with angles in degrees

      \pre solution.size() >= 1
    */
    void update(
      const std::vector<FT>& solution) {

      CGAL_precondition(solution.size() >= 1);
      m_num_modified_segments = 0;
      for (const auto& wrap : m_wraps) {
        if (!wrap.is_used) continue;

        // Get angle.
        const std::size_t seg_index = wrap.index;
        CGAL_assertion(seg_index < solution.size());
        const FT difference = solution[seg_index];
        FT angle_deg = wrap.orientation + difference;
        if (angle_deg < FT(0)) angle_deg += FT(180);
        else if (angle_deg > FT(180)) angle_deg -= FT(180);
        const double angle_rad = internal::radians_2(angle_deg);

        // Get update values.
        const FT x = static_cast<FT>(std::cos(angle_rad));
        const FT y = static_cast<FT>(std::sin(angle_rad));
        Vector_2 v = Vector_2(x, y);
        const auto direction = internal::direction_2(v);
        FT a, b, c;
        internal::line_coefficients_2(
          wrap.barycenter, direction, a, b, c);

        // Update segment.
        Segment_2 modified;
        orient_segment(
          direction, a, b, c, wrap, modified);
        put(m_segment_map,
          *(m_input_range.begin() + seg_index), modified);
        ++m_num_modified_segments;
      }
    }

    /// @}

    /// \name Groups
    /// @{

    /*!
      \brief creates groups of indices, where each group represents parallel segments.

      This method calls `Segments::parallel_groups()`.

      \tparam OutIterator
      a model of `OutputIterator` that accepts elements of type `std::vector<std::size_t>`

      \param groups
      an output iterator with groups of segment indices
    */
    template<typename OutIterator>
    OutIterator parallel_groups(OutIterator groups) const {

      const Parallel_groups_2 grouping(
        m_input_range,
        CGAL::parameters::maximum_angle(m_max_angle),
        m_segment_map, Traits());
      return grouping.groups(groups);
    }

    /*!
      \brief creates groups of indices, where each group represents orthogonal segments.

      This method calls `Segments::orthogonal_groups()`.

      \tparam OutIterator
      a model of `OutputIterator` that accepts elements of type `std::vector<std::size_t>`

      \param groups
      an output iterator with groups of segment indices
    */
    template<typename OutIterator>
    OutIterator orthogonal_groups(OutIterator groups) const {

      const Orthogonal_groups_2 grouping(
        m_input_range,
        CGAL::parameters::maximum_angle(m_max_angle),
        m_segment_map, Traits());
      return grouping.groups(groups);
    }

    /// @}

    /// \name Miscellaneous
    /// @{

    /*!
      \brief returns the number of modified segments.
    */
    std::size_t number_of_modified_segments() const {
      return m_num_modified_segments;
    }

    /// @}

    /// \name Memory Management
    /// @{

    /*!
      \brief clears all internal data structures.
    */
    void clear() {
      m_num_groups = 0;
      m_is_first_call = true;
      m_num_modified_segments = 0;
      for (auto& wrap : m_wraps) {
        wrap.is_used = false;
      }
    }

    /// @}

    // EXTRA METHODS TO TEST THE CLASS!
    /// \cond SKIP_IN_MANUAL
    std::size_t number_of_groups() const {
      return m_num_groups;
    }
    /// \endcond

  private:
    Input_range& m_input_range;
    const Segment_map m_segment_map;

    FT m_max_angle;
    std::vector<Segment_wrapper_2> m_wraps;

    std::size_t m_num_modified_segments;
    std::size_t m_num_groups;
    bool m_is_first_call;

    void create_unique_group() {

      if (m_input_range.size() < 2) return;
      CGAL_precondition(m_input_range.size() >= 2);

      m_wraps.clear();
      m_wraps.resize(m_input_range.size());

      Indices group(m_input_range.size());
      std::iota(group.begin(), group.end(), 0);
      update_segment_data(group);
      m_num_groups = 1;
    }

    template<typename IndexRange>
    void update_segment_data(
      const IndexRange& index_range) {

      for (const auto seg_index : index_range) {
        CGAL_assertion(seg_index < m_wraps.size());
        auto& wrap = m_wraps[seg_index];

        const auto& segment = get(m_segment_map,
          *(m_input_range.begin() + seg_index));
        wrap.set_qp(seg_index, segment);
      }
    }

    template<typename IndexRange>
    void update_wrappers(
      const IndexRange& index_range) {

      for (const auto seg_index : index_range) {
        CGAL_assertion(seg_index < m_wraps.size());
        auto& wrap = m_wraps[seg_index];
        wrap.is_used = true;
      }
    }

    void orient_segment(
      const Direction_2& direction,
      const FT a, const FT b, const FT c,
      const Segment_wrapper_2& wrap,
      Segment_2& modified) const {

      FT x1, y1, x2, y2;
      if (
        CGAL::abs(direction.dx()) >
        CGAL::abs(direction.dy())) {

        x1 = wrap.barycenter.x() - wrap.length * direction.dx() / FT(2);
        x2 = wrap.barycenter.x() + wrap.length * direction.dx() / FT(2);
        y1 = (-c - a * x1) / b;
        y2 = (-c - a * x2) / b;
      } else {
        y1 = wrap.barycenter.y() - wrap.length * direction.dy() / FT(2);
        y2 = wrap.barycenter.y() + wrap.length * direction.dy() / FT(2);
        x1 = (-c - b * y1) / a;
        x2 = (-c - b * y2) / a;
      }
      const Point_2 source = Point_2(x1, y1);
      const Point_2 target = Point_2(x2, y2);
      modified = Segment_2(source, target);
    }
  };

} // namespace Segments
} // namespace Shape_regularization
} // namespace CGAL

#endif // CGAL_SHAPE_REGULARIZATION_ANGLE_REGULARIZATION_2_H
