/*
 * This file is part of OpenTTD.
 * OpenTTD is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, version 2.
 * OpenTTD is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 * See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with OpenTTD. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/gpl-2.0>.
 */

/** @file font_win32.cpp Functions related to font handling on Win32. */

#include "../../stdafx.h"
#include "../../debug.h"
#include "../../blitter/factory.hpp"
#include "../../core/math_func.hpp"
#include "../../error_func.h"
#include "../../fileio_func.h"
#include "../../fontcache.h"
#include "../../fontcache/truetypefontcache.h"
#include "../../library_loader.h"
#include "../../string_func.h"
#include "../../strings_func.h"
#include "../../zoom_func.h"
#include "font_win32.h"

#include "../../table/control_codes.h"

#include <windows.h>
#include <shlobj.h> /* SHGetFolderPath */
#include "win32.h"
#undef small // Say what, Windows?

#include "../../safeguards.h"

struct EFCParam {
	LOCALESIGNATURE  locale;
	MissingGlyphSearcher *callback;
	std::vector<std::wstring> fonts;

	bool Add(const std::wstring_view &font)
	{
		auto it = std::ranges::find(this->fonts, font);
		if (it != std::end(this->fonts)) return false;

		this->fonts.emplace_back(font);

		return true;
	}
};

static int CALLBACK EnumFontCallback(const ENUMLOGFONTEX *logfont, const NEWTEXTMETRICEX *metric, DWORD type, LPARAM lParam)
{
	EFCParam *info = (EFCParam *)lParam;

	/* Skip duplicates */
	if (!info->Add(logfont->elfFullName)) return 1;
	/* Only use TrueType fonts */
	if (!(type & TRUETYPE_FONTTYPE)) return 1;
	/* Don't use SYMBOL fonts */
	if (logfont->elfLogFont.lfCharSet == SYMBOL_CHARSET) return 1;
	/* Use monospaced fonts when asked for it. */
	if (info->callback->missing_fontsizes.Test(FontSize::Monospace) && (logfont->elfLogFont.lfPitchAndFamily & (FF_MODERN | FIXED_PITCH)) != (FF_MODERN | FIXED_PITCH)) return 1;

	/* The font has to have at least one of the supported locales to be usable. */
	auto check_bitfields = [&]() {
		/* First try Unicode Subset Bitfield. */
		for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
			if ((metric->ntmFontSig.fsUsb[i] & info->locale.lsUsb[i]) != 0) return true;
		}
		/* Keep Code Page Bitfield as a fallback. */
		for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
			if ((metric->ntmFontSig.fsCsb[i] & info->locale.lsCsbSupported[i]) != 0) return true;
		}
		return false;
	};
	if (!check_bitfields()) return 1;

	char font_name[MAX_PATH];
	convert_from_fs(logfont->elfFullName, font_name);

	if (!FontCache::TryFallback(info->callback->missing_fontsizes, info->callback->missing_glyphs, font_name, logfont->elfLogFont)) return 1;

	FontCache::AddFallback(info->callback->missing_fontsizes, font_name, logfont->elfLogFont);
	Debug(fontcache, 1, "Fallback font: {}", font_name);
	return 0; // stop enumerating
}

/**
 * Create a new Win32FontCache.
 * @param fs      The font size that is going to be cached.
 * @param logfont The font that has to be loaded.
 * @param pixels  The number of pixels this font should be high.
 */
Win32FontCache::Win32FontCache(FontSize fs, const LOGFONT &logfont, int pixels) : TrueTypeFontCache(fs, pixels), logfont(logfont)
{
	this->dc = CreateCompatibleDC(nullptr);
	this->SetFontSize(pixels);
}

/** Release all the operating system objects. */
Win32FontCache::~Win32FontCache()
{
	this->ClearFontCache();
	DeleteDC(this->dc);
	DeleteObject(this->font);
}

void Win32FontCache::SetFontSize(int pixels)
{
	if (pixels == 0) {
		/* Try to determine a good height based on the minimal height recommended by the font. */
		int scaled_height = ScaleGUITrad(FontCache::GetDefaultFontHeight(this->fs));
		pixels = scaled_height;

		HFONT temp = CreateFontIndirect(&this->logfont);
		if (temp != nullptr) {
			HGDIOBJ old = SelectObject(this->dc, temp);

			UINT size = GetOutlineTextMetrics(this->dc, 0, nullptr);
			LPOUTLINETEXTMETRIC otm = (LPOUTLINETEXTMETRIC)new BYTE[size];
			GetOutlineTextMetrics(this->dc, size, otm);

			/* Font height is minimum height plus the difference between the default
			 * height for this font size and the small size. */
			int diff = scaled_height - ScaleGUITrad(FontCache::GetDefaultFontHeight(FontSize::Small));
			/* Clamp() is not used as scaled_height could be greater than MAX_FONT_SIZE, which is not permitted in Clamp(). */
			pixels = std::min(std::max(std::min<int>(otm->otmusMinimumPPEM, MAX_FONT_MIN_REC_SIZE) + diff, scaled_height), MAX_FONT_SIZE);

			delete[] (BYTE*)otm;
			SelectObject(dc, old);
			DeleteObject(temp);
		}
	} else {
		pixels = ScaleGUITrad(pixels);
	}
	this->used_size = pixels;

	/* Create GDI font handle. */
	this->logfont.lfHeight = -pixels;
	this->logfont.lfWidth = 0;
	this->logfont.lfOutPrecision = OUT_TT_ONLY_PRECIS;
	this->logfont.lfQuality = ANTIALIASED_QUALITY;

	if (this->font != nullptr) {
		SelectObject(dc, this->old_font);
		DeleteObject(this->font);
	}
	this->font = CreateFontIndirect(&this->logfont);
	this->old_font = SelectObject(this->dc, this->font);

	/* Query the font metrics we needed. */
	UINT otmSize = GetOutlineTextMetrics(this->dc, 0, nullptr);
	POUTLINETEXTMETRIC otm = (POUTLINETEXTMETRIC)new BYTE[otmSize];
	GetOutlineTextMetrics(this->dc, otmSize, otm);

	this->ascender = otm->otmTextMetrics.tmAscent;
	this->descender = otm->otmTextMetrics.tmDescent;
	this->height = this->ascender + this->descender;
	this->glyph_size.cx = otm->otmTextMetrics.tmMaxCharWidth;
	this->glyph_size.cy = otm->otmTextMetrics.tmHeight;

	this->fontname = FS2OTTD((LPWSTR)((BYTE *)otm + (ptrdiff_t)otm->otmpFaceName));

	Debug(fontcache, 2, "Loaded font '{}' with size {}", this->fontname, pixels);
	delete[] (BYTE*)otm;
}

/**
 * Reset cached glyphs.
 */
void Win32FontCache::ClearFontCache()
{
	/* GUI scaling might have changed, determine font size anew if it was automatically selected. */
	if (this->font != nullptr) this->SetFontSize(this->req_size);

	this->TrueTypeFontCache::ClearFontCache();
}

/* virtual */ const Sprite *Win32FontCache::InternalGetGlyph(GlyphID key, bool aa)
{
	GLYPHMETRICS gm;
	MAT2 mat = { {0, 1}, {0, 0}, {0, 0}, {0, 1} };

	/* Call GetGlyphOutline with zero size initially to get required memory size. */
	DWORD size = GetGlyphOutline(this->dc, key, GGO_GLYPH_INDEX | (aa ? GGO_GRAY8_BITMAP : GGO_BITMAP), &gm, 0, nullptr, &mat);
	if (size == GDI_ERROR) UserError("Unable to render font glyph");

	/* Add 1 scaled pixel for the shadow on the medium font. Our sprite must be at least 1x1 pixel. */
	uint shadow = (this->fs == FontSize::Normal) ? ScaleGUITrad(1) : 0;
	uint width = std::max(1U, (uint)gm.gmBlackBoxX + shadow);
	uint height = std::max(1U, (uint)gm.gmBlackBoxY + shadow);

	/* Limit glyph size to prevent overflows later on. */
	if (width > MAX_GLYPH_DIM || height > MAX_GLYPH_DIM) UserError("Font glyph is too large");

	/* Call GetGlyphOutline again with size to actually render the glyph. */
	uint8_t *bmp = this->render_buffer.Allocate(size);
	GetGlyphOutline(this->dc, key, GGO_GLYPH_INDEX | (aa ? GGO_GRAY8_BITMAP : GGO_BITMAP), &gm, size, bmp, &mat);

	/* GDI has rendered the glyph, now we allocate a sprite and copy the image into it. */
	SpriteLoader::SpriteCollection spritecollection;
	SpriteLoader::Sprite &sprite = spritecollection[ZoomLevel::Min];
	sprite.AllocateData(ZoomLevel::Min, width * height);
	sprite.colours = SpriteComponent::Palette;
	if (aa) sprite.colours.Set(SpriteComponent::Alpha);
	sprite.width = width;
	sprite.height = height;
	sprite.x_offs = gm.gmptGlyphOrigin.x;
	sprite.y_offs = this->ascender - gm.gmptGlyphOrigin.y;

	if (size > 0) {
		/* All pixel data returned by GDI is in the form of DWORD-aligned rows.
		 * For a non anti-aliased glyph, the returned bitmap has one bit per pixel.
		 * For anti-aliased rendering, GDI uses the strange value range of 0 to 64,
		 * inclusively. To map this to 0 to 255, we shift left by two and then
		 * subtract one. */
		uint pitch = Align(aa ? gm.gmBlackBoxX : std::max((gm.gmBlackBoxX + 7u) / 8u, 1u), 4);

		/* Draw shadow for medium size. */
		if (this->fs == FontSize::Normal && !aa) {
			for (uint y = 0; y < gm.gmBlackBoxY; y++) {
				for (uint x = 0; x < gm.gmBlackBoxX; x++) {
					if (aa ? (bmp[x + y * pitch] > 0) : HasBit(bmp[(x / 8) + y * pitch], 7 - (x % 8))) {
						sprite.data[shadow + x + (shadow + y) * sprite.width].m = SHADOW_COLOUR;
						sprite.data[shadow + x + (shadow + y) * sprite.width].a = aa ? (bmp[x + y * pitch] << 2) - 1 : 0xFF;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		for (uint y = 0; y < gm.gmBlackBoxY; y++) {
			for (uint x = 0; x < gm.gmBlackBoxX; x++) {
				if (aa ? (bmp[x + y * pitch] > 0) : HasBit(bmp[(x / 8) + y * pitch], 7 - (x % 8))) {
					sprite.data[x + y * sprite.width].m = FACE_COLOUR;
					sprite.data[x + y * sprite.width].a = aa ? (bmp[x + y * pitch] << 2) - 1 : 0xFF;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	UniquePtrSpriteAllocator allocator;
	BlitterFactory::GetCurrentBlitter()->Encode(SpriteType::Font, spritecollection, allocator);

	GlyphEntry new_glyph;
	new_glyph.data = std::move(allocator.data);
	new_glyph.width = gm.gmCellIncX;

	return this->SetGlyphPtr(key, std::move(new_glyph)).GetSprite();
}

/* virtual */ GlyphID Win32FontCache::MapCharToGlyph(char32_t key, bool allow_fallback)
{
	assert(IsPrintable(key));

	/* Convert characters outside of the BMP into surrogate pairs. */
	WCHAR chars[2];
	if (key >= 0x010000U) {
		chars[0] = (wchar_t)(((key - 0x010000U) >> 10) + 0xD800);
		chars[1] = (wchar_t)(((key - 0x010000U) & 0x3FF) + 0xDC00);
	} else {
		chars[0] = (wchar_t)(key & 0xFFFF);
	}

	WORD glyphs[2] = { 0, 0 };
	GetGlyphIndicesW(this->dc, chars, key >= 0x010000U ? 2 : 1, glyphs, GGI_MARK_NONEXISTING_GLYPHS);

	if (glyphs[0] != 0xFFFF) return glyphs[0];
	return allow_fallback && key >= SCC_SPRITE_START && key <= SCC_SPRITE_END ? this->parent->MapCharToGlyph(key) : 0;
}

class Win32FontCacheFactory : FontCacheFactory {
public:
	Win32FontCacheFactory() : FontCacheFactory("win32", "Win32 font loader") {}

	std::unique_ptr<FontCache> LoadFont(FontSize fs, FontType fonttype, bool search, const std::string &font_name, const std::any &os_handle) const override
	{
		if (fonttype != FontType::TrueType) return nullptr;

		LOGFONT logfont{};
		logfont.lfPitchAndFamily = fs == FontSize::Monospace ? FIXED_PITCH : VARIABLE_PITCH;
		logfont.lfCharSet = DEFAULT_CHARSET;
		logfont.lfOutPrecision = OUT_OUTLINE_PRECIS;
		logfont.lfClipPrecision = CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS;

		/* If a GDI font description is present, e.g. from the automatic font
		 * fallback search, use it. Otherwise, try to resolve it by font name. */
		if (auto ptr = std::any_cast<LOGFONT>(&os_handle)) {
			logfont = *ptr;
		} else if (font_name.find('.') != std::string::npos) {
			/* Might be a font file name, try load it. */
			if (!TryLoadFontFromFile(font_name, logfont)) {
				ShowInfo("Unable to load file '{}' for {} font, using default windows font selection instead", font_name, FontSizeToName(fs));
				if (!search) return nullptr;
			}
		}

		if (logfont.lfFaceName[0] == 0) {
			logfont.lfWeight = StrContainsIgnoreCase(font_name, " bold") ? FW_BOLD : FW_NORMAL; // Poor man's way to allow selecting bold fonts.
			convert_to_fs(font_name, logfont.lfFaceName);
		}

		return LoadWin32Font(fs, logfont, GetFontCacheFontSize(fs), font_name);
	}

	bool FindFallbackFont(const std::string &language_isocode, MissingGlyphSearcher *callback) const override
	{
		Debug(fontcache, 1, "Trying fallback fonts");
		EFCParam langInfo;
		std::wstring lang = OTTD2FS(language_isocode.substr(0, language_isocode.find('_')));
		if (GetLocaleInfoEx(lang.c_str(), LOCALE_FONTSIGNATURE, reinterpret_cast<LPWSTR>(&langInfo.locale), sizeof(langInfo.locale) / sizeof(wchar_t)) == 0) {
			/* Invalid isocode or some other mysterious error, can't determine fallback font. */
			Debug(fontcache, 1, "Can't get locale info for fallback font (isocode={})", language_isocode);
			return false;
		}
		langInfo.callback = callback;

		LOGFONT font;
		/* Enumerate all fonts. */
		font.lfCharSet = DEFAULT_CHARSET;
		font.lfFaceName[0] = '\0';
		font.lfPitchAndFamily = 0;

		HDC dc = GetDC(nullptr);
		int ret = EnumFontFamiliesEx(dc, &font, (FONTENUMPROC)&EnumFontCallback, (LPARAM)&langInfo, 0);
		ReleaseDC(nullptr, dc);
		return ret == 0;
	}

private:
	static std::unique_ptr<FontCache> LoadWin32Font(FontSize fs, const LOGFONT &logfont, uint size, std::string_view font_name)
	{
		HFONT font = CreateFontIndirect(&logfont);
		if (font == nullptr) {
			ShowInfo("Unable to use '{}' for {} font, Win32 reported error 0x{:X}, using sprite font instead", font_name, FontSizeToName(fs), GetLastError());
			return nullptr;
		}
		DeleteObject(font);

		return std::make_unique<Win32FontCache>(fs, logfont, size);
	}

	/**
	 * Try to load a font by filename.
	 * @param font_name Filename to load.
	 * @param[out] logfont OS handle to update if font is found.
	 * @return true iff the font filename was found.
	 */
	static bool TryLoadFontFromFile(const std::string &font_name, LOGFONT &logfont)
	{
		wchar_t fontPath[MAX_PATH] = {};

		/* See if this is an absolute path. */
		if (FileExists(font_name)) {
			convert_to_fs(font_name, fontPath);
		} else {
			/* Scan the search-paths to see if it can be found. */
			std::string full_font = FioFindFullPath(Subdirectory::Base, font_name);
			if (!full_font.empty()) {
				convert_to_fs(font_name, fontPath);
			}
		}

		if (fontPath[0] != 0) {
			if (AddFontResourceEx(fontPath, FR_PRIVATE, 0) != 0) {
				/* Try a nice little undocumented function first for getting the internal font name.
				 * Some documentation is found at: http://www.undocprint.org/winspool/getfontresourceinfo */
				static LibraryLoader _gdi32("gdi32.dll");
				typedef BOOL(WINAPI *PFNGETFONTRESOURCEINFO)(LPCTSTR, LPDWORD, LPVOID, DWORD);
				static PFNGETFONTRESOURCEINFO GetFontResourceInfo = _gdi32.GetFunction("GetFontResourceInfoW");

				if (GetFontResourceInfo != nullptr) {
					/* Try to query an array of LOGFONTs that describe the file. */
					DWORD len = 0;
					if (GetFontResourceInfo(fontPath, &len, nullptr, 2) && len >= sizeof(LOGFONT)) {
						LOGFONT *buf = (LOGFONT *)new uint8_t[len];
						if (GetFontResourceInfo(fontPath, &len, buf, 2)) {
							logfont = *buf; // Just use first entry.
						}
						delete[](uint8_t *)buf;
					}
				}

				/* No dice yet. Use the file name as the font face name, hoping it matches. */
				if (logfont.lfFaceName[0] == 0) {
					wchar_t fname[_MAX_FNAME];
					_wsplitpath(fontPath, nullptr, nullptr, fname, nullptr);

					wcsncpy_s(logfont.lfFaceName, lengthof(logfont.lfFaceName), fname, _TRUNCATE);
					logfont.lfWeight = StrContainsIgnoreCase(font_name, " bold") || StrContainsIgnoreCase(font_name, "-bold") ? FW_BOLD : FW_NORMAL; // Poor man's way to allow selecting bold fonts.
				}
			}
		}

		return logfont.lfFaceName[0] != 0;
	}

private:
	static Win32FontCacheFactory instance;
};

/* static */ Win32FontCacheFactory Win32FontCacheFactory::instance;
