#!/usr/bin/python3

# Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
"""Tool to analyze logcat and dmesg logs.

bootanalyze read logcat and dmesg logs and determines key points for boot.
"""

import argparse
import collections
import datetime
import math
import operator
import os
import re
import select
import subprocess
import time
import threading
import yaml

from datetime import datetime


_TIME_DMESG = r"\[\s*(\d+\.\d+)\]"
_TIME_LOGCAT = r"[0-9]+\.?[0-9]*"
_KERNEL_TIME_KEY = "kernel"
_BOOT_ANIM_END_TIME_KEY = "BootAnimEnd"
_KERNEL_BOOT_COMPLETE = "BootComplete_kernel"
_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE = "BootComplete"
_ANDROID_INIT_SECOND_STAGE = "android_init_2st_stage"
_CARWATCHDOG_BOOT_COMPLETE = "CarWatchdogBootupProfilingComplete"
_LAUNCHER_START = "LauncherStart"
_CARWATCHDOG_DUMP_COMMAND = \
    "adb shell dumpsys android.automotive.watchdog.ICarWatchdog/default"
_BOOT_TIME_TOO_BIG = 200.0
_MAX_RETRIES = 5
_DEBUG = False
_DEBUG_PATTERN = False
_ADB_CMD = "adb"
_TIMING_THRESHOLD = 5.0
_CARWATCHDOG_PARSER_CMD = 'perf_stats_parser'
_LOGIN_END = "LoginEnd"
_LAUNCHER_SHOWN = "LauncherShown"

_PERFETTO_LOGIN_CONFIG_LOCATION = \
    "/data/misc/perfetto-configs/perfetto-login.textproto"
_PERFETTO_LOGIN_TRACE_LOCATION = \
    "/data/misc/perfetto-traces/perfetto-login.perfetto-trace"
_PERFETTO_LOGIN_TRACE_OUTPUT_NAME = "perfetto-login"

# Wait 30 seconds for perfetto trace runtime to finish
_PERFETTO_MAX_TIMEOUT = 30

max_wait_time = _BOOT_TIME_TOO_BIG


def main():
  global _ADB_CMD

  args = init_arguments()

  if args.iterate < 1:
    raise Exception('Number of iteration must be >=1')

  if args.iterate > 1 and not args.reboot:
    print("Forcing reboot flag")
    args.reboot = True

  if args.serial:
    _ADB_CMD = f"adb -s {args.serial}"

  error_time = _BOOT_TIME_TOO_BIG * 10
  if args.errortime:
    error_time = float(args.errortime)
  if args.maxwaittime:
    global max_wait_time
    max_wait_time = float(args.maxwaittime)

  components_to_monitor = {}
  if args.componentmonitor:
    items = args.componentmonitor.split(",")
    for item in items:
      kv = item.split("=")
      key = kv[0]
      value = float(kv[1])
      components_to_monitor[key] = value

  cfg = yaml.load(args.config, Loader=yaml.SafeLoader)

  if args.stressfs:
    _, err = run_adb_cmd('install -r -g ' + args.stressfs)
    if err != 0:
      raise Exception('StressFS APK not installed')

  if args.iterate > 1 and args.bootchart:
    run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root('touch /data/bootchart/enabled')

  if args.trace_login and not args.login:
    print("Warning: login tracing is enabled but login workflow is "
          "not enabled, no tracing will happen.")

  if args.login:
    if not args.skip_login_setup:
      prepare_login_credentials()
    if args.trace_login:
      if args.perfetto_login_config_file:
        run_adb_cmd(f"push {args.perfetto_login_config_file} "
                    f"{_PERFETTO_LOGIN_CONFIG_LOCATION}")
      else:
        print("Warning: no perfetto config file provided. Login trace will use "
              "the config that is already on the device, if any.")

  search_events_pattern = {
      key: re.compile(pattern)
      for key, pattern in cfg['events'].items()
  }
  timing_events_pattern = {
      key: re.compile(pattern)
      for key, pattern in cfg['timings'].items()
  }
  shutdown_events_pattern = {
      key: re.compile(pattern)
      for key, pattern in cfg['shutdown_events'].items()
  }
  if _DEBUG_PATTERN:
    print("search event:{} timing event:{}".format(
        search_events_pattern,
        timing_events_pattern))

  now = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S")
  boot_chart_file_path_prefix = "bootchart-" + now
  systrace_file_path_prefix = "systrace-" + now

  if args.output:
    boot_chart_file_path_prefix = os.path.join(args.output,
                                               boot_chart_file_path_prefix)
    systrace_file_path_prefix = os.path.join(args.output,
                                             systrace_file_path_prefix)

  data_points = {}
  kernel_timing_points = collections.OrderedDict()
  logcat_timing_points = collections.OrderedDict()
  boottime_points = collections.OrderedDict()
  shutdown_event_all = collections.OrderedDict()
  shutdown_timing_event_all = collections.OrderedDict()
  prefetch_metric_points = collections.OrderedDict()
  for it in range(0, args.iterate):
    if args.iterate > 1:
      print(f"Run: {it}")
    attempt = 1
    processing_data = None
    boottime_events = None
    prefetch_metrics = None
    while attempt <= _MAX_RETRIES and processing_data is None:
      attempt += 1
      (processing_data, kernel_timings, logcat_timings,
       boottime_events, shutdown_events,
       shutdown_timing_events, prefetch_metrics) = iterate(args, search_events_pattern,
                                         timing_events_pattern,
                                         shutdown_events_pattern, cfg,
                                         error_time, components_to_monitor)
    if shutdown_events:
      for k, v in shutdown_events.items():
        events = shutdown_event_all.get(k)
        if not events:
          events = []
          shutdown_event_all[k] = events
        events.append(v)
    if shutdown_timing_events:
      for k, v in shutdown_timing_events.items():
        events = shutdown_timing_event_all.get(k)
        if not events:
          events = []
          shutdown_timing_event_all[k] = events
        events.append(v)

    if args.fetch_perfetto_traces:
      fetch_perfetto_traces(args, it)

    if prefetch_metrics:
      for k, v in prefetch_metrics.items():
        if k not in prefetch_metric_points:
          prefetch_metric_points[k] = []
        prefetch_metric_points[k].append(v)

    if not processing_data or not boottime_events:
      # Processing error
      print("Failed to collect valid samples for run", it)
      continue

    if args.bootchart:
      grab_bootchart(f"{boot_chart_file_path_prefix}_run_{it}")

    if args.systrace:
      grab_systrace(f"{systrace_file_path_prefix}_run_{it}")

    if args.carwatchdog:
      grab_carwatchdog_bootstats(args.output)

    for k, v in processing_data.items():
      if k not in data_points:
        data_points[k] = []
      data_points[k].append(v['value'])

    if kernel_timings is not None:
      for k, v in kernel_timings.items():
        if k not in kernel_timing_points:
          kernel_timing_points[k] = []
        kernel_timing_points[k].append(v)
    if logcat_timings is not None:
      for k, v in logcat_timings.items():
        if k not in logcat_timing_points:
          logcat_timing_points[k] = []
        logcat_timing_points[k].append(v)

    for k, v in boottime_events.items():
      if k not in boottime_points:
        boottime_points[k] = []
      boottime_points[k].append(v)

  if args.stressfs:
    run_adb_cmd("uninstall com.android.car.test.stressfs")
    run_adb_shell_cmd("rm -rf /storage/emulated/0/stressfs_data*")

  if args.iterate > 1:
    print("-----------------")
    print(f"\nshutdown events after {args.iterate} runs")
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7} {2:<7} {3}".format(
        "Event", "Mean", "stddev", "#runs"))
    for item in shutdown_event_all.items():
      num_runs = len(item[1])
      print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5} {2:<7.5} {3} {4}".format(
          item[0], sum(item[1]) / num_runs, stddev(item[1]),
          "*time taken" if item[0].startswith("init.") else "",
          num_runs if num_runs != args.iterate else ""))
    print(f"\nshutdown timing events after {args.iterate} runs")
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7} {2:<7} {3}".format(
        "Event", "Mean", "stddev", "#runs"))
    for item in shutdown_timing_event_all.items():
      num_runs = len(item[1])
      print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5} {2:<7.5} {3} {4}".format(
          item[0], sum(item[1]) / num_runs, stddev(item[1]),
          "*time taken" if item[0].startswith("init.") else "",
          num_runs if num_runs != args.iterate else ""))

    print("-----------------")
    print(f"ro.boottime.* after {args.iterate} runs")
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7} {2:<7} {3}".format(
        "Event", "Mean", "stddev", "#runs"))
    for item in boottime_points.items():
      num_runs = len(item[1])
      print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5} {2:<7.5} {3} {4}".format(
        item[0], sum(item[1]) / num_runs, stddev(item[1]),
        "*time taken" if item[0].startswith("init.") else "",
        num_runs if num_runs != args.iterate else ""))

    if args.timings:
      dump_timings_points_summary("Kernel", kernel_timing_points, args)
      dump_timings_points_summary("Logcat", logcat_timing_points, args)


    print("-----------------")
    print(f"Avg values after {args.iterate} runs")
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7} {2:<7} {3}".format(
        "Event", "Mean", "stddev", "#runs"))

    average_with_stddev = []
    for item in data_points.items():
      average_with_stddev.append(
          (item[0], sum(item[1]) / len(item[1]), stddev(item[1]), len(item[1])))
    for item in sorted(average_with_stddev, key=lambda entry: entry[1]):
      print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5} {2:<7.5} {3}".format(
        item[0], item[1], item[2],
        item[3] if item[3] != args.iterate else ""))

    if args.prefetch_metrics:
      print("-----------------")
      print(f"Prefetch metrics after {args.iterate} runs")
      print("{0:30}: {1:<10} {2:<7} {3}".format(
        "Metric", "Mean", "stddev", "#runs"))
      for item in prefetch_metric_points.items():
        num_runs = len(item[1])
        print("{0:30}: {1:<10} {2:<7.5} {3}".format(
          item[0], sum(item[1]) / num_runs, stddev(item[1]),
          num_runs if num_runs != args.iterate else ""))

    run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root("rm /data/bootchart/enabled")


def dump_timings_points_summary(msg_header, timing_points, args):
  averaged_timing_points = []
  for item in timing_points.items():
    average = sum(item[1]) / len(item[1])
    std_dev = stddev(item[1])
    averaged_timing_points.append((item[0], average, std_dev, len(item[1])))

  print("-----------------")
  print((f"{msg_header} timing in order, Avg time values"
         f"after {args.iterate} runs"))
  print("{0:30}: {1:<7} {2:<7} {3}".format(
      "Event", "Mean", "stddev", "#runs"))
  for item in averaged_timing_points:
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5} {2:<7.5} {3}".format(
        item[0], item[1], item[2],
        item[3] if item[3] != args.iterate else ""))

  print("-----------------")
  print((f"{msg_header} timing top items, Avg time values"
         f"after {args.iterate} runs"))
  print("{0:30}: {1:<7} {2:<7} {3}".format(
      "Event", "Mean", "stddev", "#runs"))
  for item in sorted(averaged_timing_points,
                     key=lambda entry: entry[1], reverse=True):
    if item[1] < _TIMING_THRESHOLD:
      break
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5} {2:<7.5} {3}".format(
      item[0], item[1], item[2],
      item[3] if item[3] != args.iterate else ""))


def capture_bugreport(bugreport_hint, boot_complete_time):
  now = datetime.now()
  bugreport_file = ("bugreport-%s-" + bugreport_hint + "-%s.zip") \
      % (now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S"), str(boot_complete_time))
  print("Boot up time too big, will capture bugreport", bugreport_file)
  os.system(_ADB_CMD + " bugreport " + bugreport_file)


def generate_timing_points(timing_events, timings):
  timing_points = collections.OrderedDict()
  monitor_contention_points = collections.OrderedDict()
  for k, l in timing_events.items():
    for v in l:
      name, time_v = extract_timing(v, timings)
      if name and time_v:
        if v.find("SystemServerTimingAsync") > 0:
          name = "(" + name + ")"
        if k.endswith("_secs"):
          time_v = time_v * 1000.0
        if k.startswith("long_monitor_contention"):
          monitor_contention_points[v] = time_v
          continue
        new_name = name
        name_index = 0
        # if the name is already taken, append #digit
        while timing_points.get(new_name):
          name_index += 1
          new_name = name + "#" + str(name_index)
        timing_points[new_name] = time_v
  return timing_points, monitor_contention_points


def dump_timing_points(msg_header, timing_points):
  print(f"{msg_header} event timing in time order, key: time")
  for item in timing_points.items():
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5}".format(item[0], item[1]))
  print("-----------------")
  print(f"{msg_header} event timing top items")
  for item in sorted(
      timing_points.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1), reverse=True):
    if item[1] < _TIMING_THRESHOLD:
      break
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5}".format(item[0], item[1]))
  print("-----------------")


def dump_monitor_contentions(logcat_monitor_contentions):
  print("Monitor contentions over 100ms:")
  for item in logcat_monitor_contentions.items():
    if item[1] > 100:
      print("{0:<7.5}ms: {1}".format(item[1], item[0]))
  print("-----------------")


def handle_reboot_log(
    capture_log_on_error,
    shutdown_events_pattern,
    components_to_monitor):
  shutdown_events, shutdown_timing_events = collect_logcat_for_shutdown(
      capture_log_on_error, shutdown_events_pattern, components_to_monitor)
  print("\nshutdown events: time")
  for item in shutdown_events.items():
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5}".format(item[0], item[1]))
  print("\nshutdown timing events: time")
  for item in shutdown_timing_events.items():
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5}".format(item[0], item[1]))
  return shutdown_events, shutdown_timing_events


def collect_dmesg_events(search_events_pattern, timings_pattern, results):
  dmesg_events, kernel_timing_events = collect_events(
      search_events_pattern, f"{_ADB_CMD} shell su root dmesg -w",
      timings_pattern, [_KERNEL_BOOT_COMPLETE, _ANDROID_INIT_SECOND_STAGE],
      False, True)
  results.append(dmesg_events)
  results.append(kernel_timing_events)


def iterate(args, search_events_pattern, timings_pattern,
            shutdown_events_pattern, cfg, error_time, components_to_monitor):
  shutdown_events = None
  shutdown_timing_events = None
  if args.reboot:
    # sleep to make sure that logcat reader is reading before adb is gone by
    # reboot. Ugly but it makes the implementation simple.
    t = threading.Thread(
        target=lambda: (time.sleep(2), reboot(args.serial, args.stressfs != "",
                                              args.permissive, args.adb_reboot,
                                              args.buffersize)))
    t.start()
    shutdown_events, shutdown_timing_events = handle_reboot_log(
        True, shutdown_events_pattern, components_to_monitor)
    t.join()

  results = []
  t = threading.Thread(target=collect_dmesg_events, args=(search_events_pattern,
                                                          timings_pattern,
                                                          results))
  t.start()

  logcat_stop_events = [_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE, _LAUNCHER_START]
  if args.fs_check:
    logcat_stop_events.append("FsStat")
  if args.carwatchdog:
    logcat_stop_events.append(_CARWATCHDOG_BOOT_COMPLETE)
  if args.login:
    logcat_stop_events.append(_LOGIN_END)
  if args.wait_launcher_shown:
    logcat_stop_events.append(_LAUNCHER_SHOWN)
  logcat_events, logcat_timing_events = collect_events(
      search_events_pattern, f"{_ADB_CMD} logcat -b all -v epoch",
      timings_pattern, logcat_stop_events, True, False,
      args.trace_login)

  t.join()
  dmesg_events = results[0]
  kernel_timing_events = results[1]

  logcat_event_time = extract_time(logcat_events, _TIME_LOGCAT, float)
  logcat_original_time = extract_time(logcat_events, _TIME_LOGCAT, str)
  dmesg_event_time = extract_time(dmesg_events, _TIME_DMESG, float)
  boottime_events = fetch_boottime_property()
  events = {}
  events_to_correct = []
  replaced_from_dmesg = set()

  time_correction_delta = 0
  time_correction_time = 0
  if ("time_correction_key" in cfg
      and cfg["time_correction_key"] in logcat_events):
    match = search_events_pattern[cfg["time_correction_key"]].search(
      logcat_events[cfg["time_correction_key"]])
    if match and logcat_event_time[cfg["time_correction_key"]]:
      time_correction_delta = float(match.group(1))
      time_correction_time = logcat_event_time[cfg["time_correction_key"]]

  debug("time_correction_delta = {0}, time_correction_time = {1}".format(
    time_correction_delta, time_correction_time))

  for k, v in logcat_event_time.items():
    if v <= time_correction_time:
      logcat_event_time[k] += time_correction_delta
      v = v + time_correction_delta
      debug(f"correcting event to event[{k}, {v}]")

  diffs = []
  if logcat_event_time.get(_KERNEL_TIME_KEY) is None:
    print("kernel time not captured in logcat")
  else:
    diffs.append((logcat_event_time[_KERNEL_TIME_KEY],
                  logcat_event_time[_KERNEL_TIME_KEY]))

  if (logcat_event_time.get(_BOOT_ANIM_END_TIME_KEY) and
      dmesg_event_time.get(_BOOT_ANIM_END_TIME_KEY)):
    diffs.append(
        (logcat_event_time[_BOOT_ANIM_END_TIME_KEY],
         logcat_event_time[_BOOT_ANIM_END_TIME_KEY] - \
         dmesg_event_time[_BOOT_ANIM_END_TIME_KEY]))
  if (logcat_event_time.get(_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE) and
      dmesg_event_time.get(_KERNEL_BOOT_COMPLETE)):
    diffs.append(
        (logcat_event_time[_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE],
         logcat_event_time[_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE] - \
         dmesg_event_time[_KERNEL_BOOT_COMPLETE]))
  elif (logcat_event_time.get(_ANDROID_INIT_SECOND_STAGE) and
        dmesg_event_time.get(_ANDROID_INIT_SECOND_STAGE)):
    print(("BootAnimEnd time or BootComplete-kernel not captured in both log, "
           "use Android init 2nd stage get time diff"))
    diffs.append(
        (logcat_event_time[_ANDROID_INIT_SECOND_STAGE],
         logcat_event_time[_ANDROID_INIT_SECOND_STAGE] - \
         dmesg_event_time[_ANDROID_INIT_SECOND_STAGE]))
  else:
    print(("BootComplete and Android init 2nd stage not captured in both log, "
           "cannot get time diff"))
    print(f"dmesg {dmesg_event_time} logcat {logcat_event_time}")
    return None, None, None, None, None, None

  for k, v in logcat_event_time.items():
    debug(f"event[{k}, {v}]")
    events[k] = v
    if k in dmesg_event_time:
      debug(f"{k} is in dmesg")
      events[k] = dmesg_event_time[k]
      replaced_from_dmesg.add(k)
    else:
      events_to_correct.append(k)

  diff_prev = diffs[0]
  for k in events_to_correct:
    diff = diffs[0]
    while diff[0] < events[k] and len(diffs) > 1:
      diffs.pop(0)
      diff_prev = diff
      diff = diffs[0]
    events[k] = events[k] - diff[1]
    if events[k] < 0.0:
      if events[k] < -0.1: # maybe previous one is better fit
        events[k] = events[k] + diff[1] - diff_prev[1]
      else:
        events[k] = 0.0

  data_points = collections.OrderedDict()

  print("-----------------")
  print("ro.boottime.*: time")
  for item in boottime_events.items():
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5} {2}".format(
        item[0], item[1],
        "*time taken" if item[0].startswith("init.") else ""))
  print("-----------------")

  if args.timings:
    kernel_timing_points, _ = generate_timing_points(kernel_timing_events,
                                                     timings_pattern)
    logcat_timing_points, logcat_monitor_contentions = generate_timing_points(
        logcat_timing_events, timings_pattern)
    dump_timing_points("Kernel", kernel_timing_points)
    dump_timing_points("Logcat", logcat_timing_points)
    dump_monitor_contentions(logcat_monitor_contentions)

  for item in sorted(events.items(), key=operator.itemgetter(1)):
    data_points[item[0]] = {
      "value": item[1],
      "from_dmesg": item[0] in replaced_from_dmesg,
      "logcat_value": logcat_original_time[item[0]]
    }
  # add times with bootloader
  if events.get("BootComplete") and boottime_events.get("bootloader"):
    total = events["BootComplete"] + boottime_events["bootloader"]
    data_points["*BootComplete+Bootloader"] = {
      "value": total,
      "from_dmesg": False,
      "logcat_value": 0.0
    }
  if events.get("LauncherStart") and boottime_events.get("bootloader"):
    total = events["LauncherStart"] + boottime_events["bootloader"]
    data_points["*LauncherStart+Bootloader"] = {
      "value": total,
      "from_dmesg": False,
      "logcat_value": 0.0
    }
  if events.get("LauncherShown") and boottime_events.get("bootloader"):
    total = events["LauncherShown"] + boottime_events["bootloader"]
    data_points["*LauncherShown+Bootloader"] = {
      "value": total,
      "from_dmesg": False,
      "logcat_value": 0.0
    }

  for k, v in data_points.items():
    print("{0:30}: {1:<7.5} {2:1} ({3})".format(
      k, v["value"], "*" if v["from_dmesg"] else "", v["logcat_value"]))

  print("\n* - event time was obtained from dmesg log\n")

  if events[_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE] > error_time and not args.ignore:
    capture_bugreport("bootuptoolong", events[_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE])

  for k, v in components_to_monitor.items():
    logcat_value_measured = logcat_timing_points.get(k)
    kernel_value_measured = kernel_timing_points.get(k)
    data_from_data_points = data_points.get(k)
    if logcat_value_measured and logcat_value_measured > v:
      capture_bugreport(f"{k}-{logcat_value_measured!s}",
                        events[_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE])
      break
    elif kernel_value_measured and kernel_value_measured > v:
      capture_bugreport(f"{k}-{kernel_value_measured!s}",
                        events[_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE])
      break
    elif data_from_data_points and data_from_data_points["value"] * 1000.0 > v:
      capture_bugreport(f"{k}-{data_from_data_points['value']!s}",
                        events[_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE])
      break

  if args.fs_check:
    fs_stat = None
    if logcat_events.get("FsStat"):
      fs_stat_pattern = cfg["events"]["FsStat"]
      m = re.search(fs_stat_pattern, logcat_events.get("FsStat"))
      if m:
        fs_stat = m.group(1)
    print("fs_stat:", fs_stat)

    if fs_stat:
      fs_stat_val = int(fs_stat, 0)
      if (fs_stat_val & ~0x17) != 0:
        capture_bugreport(f"fs_stat_{fs_stat}", events[_LOGCAT_BOOT_COMPLETE])

  prefetch_metrics = None
  if args.prefetch_metrics:
    prefetch_metrics = collect_prefetch_metrics(args.output)
    print("-----------------")
    print("Prefetch metrics:")
    for key, value in prefetch_metrics.items():
      print(f"{key:<30}: {value}")
    print("-----------------")

  return (data_points, kernel_timing_points, logcat_timing_points,
          boottime_events, shutdown_events, shutdown_timing_events, prefetch_metrics)


def prepare_login_credentials():
  # Try to remove OOBE if it exists. In case this command fails, OOBE is not
  # running and we can proceed anyway.
  run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root(
      "am start -a com.android.setupwizard.FOUR_CORNER_EXIT")

  # Workaround for b/432346082, we need to set a user name in "main-less"
  # Desktop android in case it was set as "null"
  result, err = run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root("pm rename-user 10 \"TestUser\"")
  if err != 0:
    raise Exception(
        "Failed to rename TestUser")

  result, err = run_adb_shell_cmd(
      "cmd lock_settings set-password --user 10 1234")
  if err != 0:
    # Try to remove the password if it was left over by a previous workflow
    result, err = run_adb_shell_cmd(
        "cmd lock_settings clear --user 10 --old 1234")
    if err != 0:
      raise Exception(
          "Failed to clear old credentials: " + result)
    # Try again to set the password
    result, err = run_adb_shell_cmd(
        "cmd lock_settings set-password --user 10 1234")
    if err != 0:
      raise Exception("Failed to set password on user 10: " + result)


def do_login(trace_login=False):
  # We sleep for some time to allow slower devices to display the proper user
  # selection screen. This is because the launcher start event does not always
  # match the immediate display of a usable and interactive screen.
  time.sleep(5)
  # Get center coordinates of screen
  result, err = run_adb_shell_cmd("wm size")
  if err != 0:
    raise Exception(
        "Unable to get device screen size: " + result)
  match = re.search(r"Physical size:\s*(\d+)x(\d+)", result)
  if not match:
    raise Exception(
        "Could not parse screen coordinates from display size: " + result)
  x = int(match.group(1)) / 2
  y = int(match.group(2)) / 2
  run_adb_shell_cmd(f"input tap {x} {y}")
  # Sleep some more time to allow the user selection screen to transition into a
  # lock screen as the process takes some time on slower devices.
  time.sleep(5)

  # We start tracing right before we type the user credentials and begin the
  # login process.
  if trace_login:
    # Remove any previous perfetto traces so we don't end up pulling the trace
    # of a previous iteration in case of failure.
    run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root(f"rm {_PERFETTO_LOGIN_TRACE_LOCATION}")
    run_adb_shell_cmd(
        f"perfetto -c {_PERFETTO_LOGIN_CONFIG_LOCATION} --txt --background "
        f"-o {_PERFETTO_LOGIN_TRACE_LOCATION}"
    )
  login_start_time = time.time()

  # Type password and confirm with enter key
  run_adb_shell_cmd("input text 1234")
  run_adb_shell_cmd("input keyevent 66")

  if trace_login:
    remaining_time = _PERFETTO_MAX_TIMEOUT
    perfetto_finished = False
    while remaining_time > 0.0:
      # Check if the perfetto process is still running
      _, err = run_adb_shell_cmd("ps | grep perfetto")
      if err != 0:
        perfetto_finished = True
        break
      time.sleep(min(remaining_time, 1))
      remaining_time = _PERFETTO_MAX_TIMEOUT - (time.time() - login_start_time)
    if not perfetto_finished:
      print("Warning: Perfetto process ran for too long. "
            "Trace may be corrupted or incomplete. ")
      print("Attempting to terminate the perfetto process.")
      run_adb_shell_cmd("pkill perfetto")
      # Give it an extra second to try and flush some of the data captured.
      time.sleep(1)
    # Verify that the perfetto trace file was created.
    _, err = run_adb_shell_cmd(
        f"ls -l {_PERFETTO_LOGIN_TRACE_LOCATION}")
    if err != 0:
      print("Warning: Perfetto trace not found. Login trace was not captured?")

def debug(string):
  if _DEBUG:
    print(string)

def extract_timing(s, patterns):
  for _, p in patterns.items():
    m = p.search(s)
    if m:
      timing_dict = m.groupdict()
      return timing_dict["name"], float(timing_dict["time"])
  return None, None


def init_arguments():
  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Measures boot time.")
  parser.add_argument("-r", "--reboot", dest="reboot",
                      action="store_true",
                      help="reboot device for measurement", )
  parser.add_argument("-o", "--output", dest="output", type=str,
                      help="Output directory where results are stored")
  parser.add_argument("-c", "--config", dest="config",
                      default="config.yaml", type=argparse.FileType("r"),
                      help="config file for the tool", )
  parser.add_argument("-s", "--stressfs", dest="stressfs",
                      default="", type=str,
                      help=("APK file for the stressfs tool used to write to "
                            "the data partition during shutdown"))
  parser.add_argument("-n", "--iterate", dest="iterate", type=int, default=1,
                      help="number of time to repeat the measurement", )
  parser.add_argument("-g", "--ignore", dest="ignore", action="store_true",
                      help="ignore too big values error", )
  parser.add_argument("-t", "--timings", dest="timings", action="store_true",
                      help="print individual component times", default=True, )
  parser.add_argument("-p", "--serial", dest="serial", action="store",
                      help="android device serial number")
  parser.add_argument("-e", "--errortime", dest="errortime", action="store",
                      help="handle bootup time bigger than this as error")
  parser.add_argument("-w", "--maxwaittime", dest="maxwaittime", action="store",
                      help=("wait for up to this time to collect logs. "
                            "Retry after this time. Default is 200 sec."))
  parser.add_argument("-f", "--fs_check", dest="fs_check",
                      action="store_true",
                      help="check fs_stat after reboot", )
  parser.add_argument("-a", "--adb_reboot", dest="adb_reboot",
                      action="store_true",
                      help="reboot with adb reboot", )
  parser.add_argument("-v", "--permissive", dest="permissive",
                      action="store_true",
                      help="set selinux into permissive before reboot", )
  parser.add_argument("-m", "--componentmonitor",
                      dest="componentmonitor",
                      action="store",
                      help=("capture bugreport if specified timing component "
                            "is taking more than a certain time. Unlike "
                            "errortime, the result will not be rejected in "
                            "averaging. Format is key1=time1,key2=time2..."))
  parser.add_argument("-b", "--bootchart", dest="bootchart",
                      action="store_true",
                      help="collect bootchart from the device.", )
  parser.add_argument("-y", "--systrace", dest="systrace",
                      action="store_true",
                      help=("collect systrace from the device. kernel trace "
                            "should be already enabled"))
  parser.add_argument("-W", "--carwatchdog",
                      dest="carwatchdog",
                      action="store_true",
                      help="collect carwatchdog boot stats")
  parser.add_argument("-G", "--buffersize", dest="buffersize", action="store",
                      type=str, default=None, help="set logcat buffersize")
  parser.add_argument("-l", "--login", dest="login", action="store_true",
                      help=("perform the login/unlock workflow and also "
                            "collect login stats"))
  parser.add_argument("--skip-login-setup",
                      dest="skip_login_setup",
                      action="store_true",
                      help=("if login workflow is enabled, skip the OOBE and "
                            "credential setup"))
  parser.add_argument("--wait-launcher-shown",
                      dest="wait_launcher_shown",
                      action="store_true",
                      help=("wait until launcher is shown and also collect"
                            "launcher shown event"))
  parser.add_argument("--prefetch-metrics",
                      dest="prefetch_metrics",
                      action="store_true",
                      help=("Collect prefetch metrics from the device."))
  parser.add_argument("--fetch-perfetto-traces",
                      dest="fetch_perfetto_traces",
                      action="store_true",
                      help=("Automatically fetch perfetto traces generated by "
                            "each iteration."))
  parser.add_argument("--trace-login",
                      dest="trace_login",
                      action="store_true",
                      help="Enable perfetto tracing for login workflow.")
  parser.add_argument("--perfetto-login-config-file",
                      dest="perfetto_login_config_file",
                      action="store",
                      help=("Path on the host of the perfetto config file to "
                            "use for tracing login activity."))
  return parser.parse_args()


def handle_zygote_event(zygote_pids, events, event, line):
  words = line.split()
  if len(words) > 1:
    pid = int(words[1])
    if len(zygote_pids) == 2:
      if pid == zygote_pids[1]: # secondary
        event = event + "-secondary"
    elif len(zygote_pids) == 1:
      # new pid, need to decide if old ones were secondary
      if zygote_pids[0] != pid:
        primary_pid = min(pid, zygote_pids[0])
        secondary_pid = max(pid, zygote_pids[0])
        zygote_pids.pop()
        zygote_pids.append(primary_pid)
        zygote_pids.append(secondary_pid)
        if pid == primary_pid: # old one was secondary:
          move_to_secondary = []
          for k, l in events.items():
            if k.startswith("zygote"):
              move_to_secondary.append((k, l))
          for item in move_to_secondary:
            del events[item[0]]
            if item[0].endswith("-secondary"):
              print((f"Secondary already exists for event {item[0]} while "
                     f"found new pid {secondary_pid}, primary {primary_pid}"))
            else:
              events[item[0] + "-secondary"] = item[1]
        else:
          event = event + "-secondary"
    else:
      zygote_pids.append(pid)
  events[event] = line


def update_name_if_already_exist(events, name):
  existing_event = events.get(name)
  i = 0
  new_name = name
  while existing_event:
    i += 1
    new_name = f"{name}_{i}"
    existing_event = events.get(new_name)
  return new_name


def collect_logcat_for_shutdown(
    capture_log_on_error,
    shutdown_events_pattern,
    log_capture_conditions):
  events = collections.OrderedDict()
  # shutdown does not have timing_events but calculated from
  # checking Xyz - XyzDone / XyzTimeout
  timing_events = collections.OrderedDict()
  process = subprocess.Popen(f"{_ADB_CMD} logcat -b all -v epoch",
                             shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
  lines = []
  capture_log = False
  shutdown_start_time = 0
  while True:
    line = process.stdout.readline()
    if not line:
      break
    line = line.decode("utf-8", "ignore").lstrip().rstrip()
    lines.append(line)
    event = get_boot_event(line, shutdown_events_pattern)
    if not event:
      continue
    extracted_time = extract_a_time(line, _TIME_LOGCAT, float)
    if extracted_time is None:
      print("cannot get time from:", line)
      continue
    if shutdown_start_time == 0:
      shutdown_start_time = extracted_time
    extracted_time -= shutdown_start_time
    events[event] = extracted_time
    time_limit1 = log_capture_conditions.get(event)
    if time_limit1 and time_limit1 <= extracted_time:
      capture_log = True
    pair_event = None
    if event.endswith("Done"):
      pair_event = event[:-4]
    elif event.endswith("Timeout"):
      pair_event = event[:-7]
      if capture_log_on_error:
        capture_log = True
    if not pair_event:
      continue
    start_time = events.get(pair_event)
    if not start_time:
      print("No start event for " + event)
      continue
    time_spent = extracted_time - start_time
    timing_event_name = pair_event + "Duration"
    timing_events[timing_event_name] = time_spent
    time_limit2 = log_capture_conditions.get(timing_event_name)
    if time_limit2 and time_limit2 <= time_spent:
      capture_log = True

  if capture_log:
    now = datetime.now()
    log_file = ("shutdownlog-error-%s.txt") % (
        now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S"))
    print("Shutdown error, capture log to ", log_file)
    with open(log_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
      f.write("\n".join(lines))
  return events, timing_events


def log_timeout(time_left, stop_events, events, timing_events):
  print("timeout waiting for event, continue", time_left)
  print((f"remaininig events {stop_events}, event {events} "
         f"timing events {timing_events}"))


def collect_events(search_events, command, timings, stop_events,
                   collects_all_events, disable_timing_after_zygote,
                   trace_login=False):
  events = collections.OrderedDict()
  timing_events = {}

  data_available = stop_events is None
  zygote_pids = []
  start_time = time.time()
  zygote_found = False
  login_started = False
  line = None
  if collects_all_events:
    print("remaining stop_events:", stop_events)
  else:
    print("waiting for any of stop_events:", stop_events)
  init = True
  while True:
    if init:
      process = subprocess.Popen(command, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
      read_poll = select.poll()
      read_poll.register(process.stdout, select.POLLIN)
      init = False
    if len(stop_events) == 0:
      break
    time_left = start_time + max_wait_time - time.time()
    if time_left <= 0:
      log_timeout(time_left, stop_events, events, timing_events)
      break
    polled_events = read_poll.poll(time_left * 1000.0)
    # adb logcat subprocess is auto-terminated when the adb connection is lost.
    # Thus, check for the subprocess return code and reconnect to the device if
    # needed. Otherwise, the logcat events cannot be polled completely.
    if process.poll() is not None:
      print("adb might be disconnected?")
      print("Retrying to connect.")
      run_adb_cmd("wait-for-device")
      print(" reconnected")
      init = True
      continue
    if len(polled_events) == 0:
      log_timeout(time_left, stop_events, events, timing_events)
      break
    for polled_event in polled_events:
      if polled_event[1] == select.POLLIN:
        line = process.stdout.readline().decode("utf-8", "ignore")
      else:
        if polled_event[1] == select.POLLHUP:
          if len(stop_events) == 0:
            break
        # adb connection lost
        print("poll error waiting for event, adb lost?")
        if time_left > 0:
          print("retry adb")
          run_adb_cmd("wait-for-device")
          print(" reconnected")
          init = True
          continue
        else:
          break
      if not data_available:
        print(f"Collecting data samples from '{command}'. Please wait...")
        data_available = True
      event = get_boot_event(line, search_events)
      if event:
        debug(f"event[{event}] captured: {line}")
        if event == "starting_zygote":
          events[event] = line
          zygote_found = True
        elif event.startswith("zygote"):
          handle_zygote_event(zygote_pids, events, event, line)
        else:
          new_event = update_name_if_already_exist(events, event)
          events[new_event] = line
        # Initial boot is done, perform login operation
        if (_LOGIN_END in stop_events and event == _LAUNCHER_START and
            not login_started):
          login_started = True
          do_login(trace_login)
        if event in stop_events:
          if collects_all_events:
            stop_events.remove(event)
            print("remaining stop_events:", stop_events)
          else:
            # no need to wait for others
            stop_events = []

      timing_event = get_boot_event(line, timings)
      if timing_event and (not disable_timing_after_zygote or not zygote_found):
        if timing_event not in timing_events:
          timing_events[timing_event] = []
        timing_events[timing_event].append(line)
        debug(f"timing_event[{timing_event}] captured: {line}")

  process.terminate()
  return events, timing_events


def fetch_boottime_property():
  # TODO: b/485123734 - use bootstat to get boot timings instead of getprop
  cmd = f"{_ADB_CMD} shell su root getprop"
  events = {}
  bootloader_times_to_ignore = [
      "SW",
      "splash",
  ]
  process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
  out = process.stdout
  pattern = re.compile(r"\[ro\.boottime\.([^\]]+)\]:\s+\[(\d+)\]")
  pattern_bootloader = re.compile(r"\[ro\.boot\.boottime\]:\s+\[([^\]]+)\]")
  bootloader_time = 0.0
  for line in out:
    line = line.decode("utf-8", "ignore")
    match = pattern.match(line)
    if match:
      if match.group(1).startswith("init."):
        events[match.group(1)] = float(match.group(2)) / 1000.0 #ms to s
      else:
        events[match.group(1)] = float(match.group(2)) / 1000000000.0 #ns to s
    match = pattern_bootloader.match(line)
    if match:
      items = match.group(1).split(",")
      for item in items:
        entry_pair = item.split(":")
        entry_name = entry_pair[0]
        time_spent = float(entry_pair[1]) / 1000 #ms to s
        if entry_name not in bootloader_times_to_ignore:
          bootloader_time = bootloader_time + time_spent
  ordered_event = collections.OrderedDict()
  if bootloader_time != 0.0:
    ordered_event["bootloader"] = bootloader_time
  for item in sorted(list(events.items()), key=operator.itemgetter(1)):
    ordered_event[item[0]] = item[1]
  return ordered_event


def get_boot_event(line, events):
  for event_key, event_pattern in events.items():
    if event_pattern.search(line):
      return event_key
  return None


def extract_a_time(line, pattern, date_transform_function):
  found = re.findall(pattern, line)
  if len(found) > 0:
    return date_transform_function(found[0])
  else:
    return None


def extract_time(events, pattern, date_transform_function):
  result = collections.OrderedDict()
  for event, data in events.items():
    extracted_time = extract_a_time(data, pattern, date_transform_function)
    if extracted_time is not None:
      result[event] = extracted_time
    else:
      print("Failed to find time for event:", event, data)
  return result


def do_reboot(serial, use_adb_reboot):
  # do not update time
  run_adb_cmd("shell settings put global auto_time 0")
  run_adb_cmd("shell settings put global auto_time_zone 0")
  original_devices = subprocess.check_output(
      "adb devices", shell=True).decode("utf-8", "ignore")
  if use_adb_reboot:
    print("Rebooting the device using adb reboot")
    run_adb_cmd("reboot")
  else:
    print("Rebooting the device using svc power reboot")
    run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root("svc power reboot")
  # Wait for the device to go away
  retry = 0
  while retry < 20:
    current_devices = subprocess.check_output(
        "adb devices", shell=True).decode("utf-8", "ignore")
    if original_devices != current_devices:
      if not serial or (
          serial and re.findall(serial + ".*offline",
                                current_devices, re.MULTILINE)):
        return True
    time.sleep(1)
    retry += 1
  return False


def reboot(
    serial, use_stressfs, permissive, use_adb_reboot, adb_buffersize=None):
  if use_stressfs:
    print("Starting write to data partition")
    run_adb_shell_cmd(("am start "
                       "-n com.android.car.test.stressfs/.WritingActivity "
                       "-a com.android.car.test.stressfs.START"))
    # Give this app some time to start.
    time.sleep(1)
  if permissive:
    run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root("setenforce 0")

  retry = 0
  while retry < 5:
    if do_reboot(serial, use_adb_reboot):
      break
    retry += 1

  print("Waiting the device")
  run_adb_cmd("wait-for-device")
  print(" found a device")

  if adb_buffersize is not None:
    # increase the buffer size
    _, err = run_adb_cmd(f"logcat -G {adb_buffersize}")
    if err != 0:
      debug(f"Fail to set logcat buffer size as {adb_buffersize}")


def run_adb_cmd(cmd):
  """Runs adb command and returns its result.

  Args:
    cmd: the command to be run

  Returns:
    A tuple with the output of the command and the return code (zero if
    successful).
  """
  try:
    result = subprocess.check_output(f"{_ADB_CMD} {cmd}", shell=True).decode(
        "utf-8", "ignore").strip()
    return str(result), 0
  except subprocess.CalledProcessError as err:
    return str(err.output), err.returncode


def run_adb_shell_cmd(cmd):
  return run_adb_cmd("shell " + cmd)


def run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root(cmd):
  return run_adb_shell_cmd("su root " + cmd)


def logcat_time_func(offset_year):
  def f(date_str):
    ndate = datetime.datetime.strptime(
        str(offset_year) + "-" + date_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f")
    return datetime_to_unix_time(ndate)
  return f


def datetime_to_unix_time(ndate):
  return time.mktime(ndate.timetuple()) + ndate.microsecond/1000000.0


def stddev(data):
  items_count = len(data)
  avg = sum(data) / items_count
  sq_diffs_sum = sum((v - avg) ** 2 for v in data)
  variance = sq_diffs_sum / items_count
  return math.sqrt(variance)


def grab_bootchart(boot_chart_file_path):
  subprocess.run(
      "$ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/system/core/init/grab-bootchart.sh",
      shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False)
  print("Saving boot chart as " + boot_chart_file_path + ".tgz")
  subprocess.call(
      f"cp /tmp/android-bootchart/bootchart.tgz {boot_chart_file_path}.tgz",
      shell=True)
  subprocess.call(
      f"cp ./bootchart.png {boot_chart_file_path}.png", shell=True)


def grab_systrace(systrace_file_path_prefix):
  trace_file = f"{systrace_file_path_prefix}_trace.txt"
  with open(trace_file, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f.write("TRACE:\n")
  run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root("cat /d/tracing/trace >> " + trace_file)
  html_file = f"{systrace_file_path_prefix}.html"
  subprocess.call(
      ("$ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/external/chromium-trace/systrace.py "
       f"--from-file={trace_file} -o {html_file}"), shell=True)


def capture_build_info(out_dir, build_info_file_name):
  fingerprint = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.build.fingerprint", True)
  brand = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.product.brand", True)
  product = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.product.name", True)
  device = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.product.device", True)
  version_release = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.build.version.release", True)
  build_id = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.build.id", True)
  version_incremental = run_adb_shell_cmd(
      "getprop ro.build.version.incremental", True)
  build_type = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.build.type", True)
  tags = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.build.tags", True)
  sdk = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.build.version.sdk", True)
  platform_minor = run_adb_shell_cmd(
      "getprop ro.android.car.version.platform_minor", True)
  codename = run_adb_shell_cmd("getprop ro.build.version.codename", True)
  carwatchdog_collection_interval = run_adb_shell_cmd(
      "getprop ro.carwatchdog.system_event_collection_interval", True)
  carwatchdog_post_event_duration = run_adb_shell_cmd(
      "getprop ro.carwatchdog.post_system_event_duration", True)
  carwatchdog_top_n_category = run_adb_shell_cmd(
      "getprop ro.carwatchdog.top_n_stats_per_category", True)
  carwatchdog_top_n_subcategory = run_adb_shell_cmd(
      "getprop ro.carwatchdog.top_n_stats_per_subcategory", True)

  # TODO: Change file format to JSON to avoid custom parser
  build_info = []
  build_info.append("Build information: ")
  build_info.append("-" * 20)
  build_info.append("fingerprint: " + fingerprint)
  build_info.append("brand: " + brand)
  build_info.append("product: " + product)
  build_info.append("device: " + device)
  build_info.append("version.release: " + version_release)
  build_info.append("id: " + build_id)
  build_info.append("version.incremental: " + version_incremental)
  build_info.append("type: " + build_type)
  build_info.append("tags: " + tags)
  build_info.append("sdk: " + sdk)
  build_info.append("platform minor version: " + platform_minor)
  build_info.append("codename: " + codename)
  build_info.append(
      "carwatchdog collection interval (s): " + carwatchdog_collection_interval)
  build_info.append(
      "carwatchdog post event duration (s): " + carwatchdog_post_event_duration)
  build_info.append("carwatchdog top N packages: " + carwatchdog_top_n_category)
  build_info.append(
      "carwatchdog top N processes: " + carwatchdog_top_n_subcategory)

  build_info_str = "\n".join(build_info)

  with open(os.path.jon(out_dir, build_info_file_name),
            "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
    f.write(build_info_str)


def generate_proto(dump_file, build_info_file, out_proto_file):
  subprocess.run((f"{_CARWATCHDOG_PARSER_CMD} -f {dump_file} -b "
                  f"{build_info_file} -d {out_proto_file}"),
                 shell=True, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL, check=False)


def grab_carwatchdog_bootstats(result_dir):
  carwatchdog_state = run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root(
      "getprop init.svc.carwatchdogd", True)
  if carwatchdog_state != "running":
    print("carwatchdog (-d) flag set but CarWatchdog is not running on device")
    return
  elif not result_dir:
    print("carwatchdog needs the output directory to be specified.")
    return
  print("Capturing carwatchdog stats")
  build_info_file_name = "device_build_info.txt"
  capture_build_info(result_dir, build_info_file_name)

  # Capture CW dump and save dump to txt
  dump_file_name = os.path.join(result_dir, "carwatchdog_dump.txt")
  subprocess.call(
      f"{_CARWATCHDOG_DUMP_COMMAND} > {dump_file_name}", shell=True)

  # Generate proto from dump
  build_info_file_path = os.path.join(result_dir, build_info_file_name)
  out_proto_file_path = os.path.join(result_dir,
                                     "carwatchdog_perf_stats_out.pb")
  generate_proto(dump_file_name, build_info_file_path, out_proto_file_path)


def collect_prefetch_metrics(output_dir):
  """Pulls and parses prefetch metrics from the device from multiple stat files."""
  metrics = {
    'prefetched_records': 0,
    'prefetched_bytes': 0,
    'prefetched_pages': 0,
    'exec_time_ms': 0
  }
  # List of prefetch stat paths on the device.
  metric_paths = [
    '/metadata/prefetch/prefetch.stat',
    '/metadata/prefetch/prefetch_apex.stat'
  ]

  for metric_path in metric_paths:
    # Use adb shell cat to read the file content directly.
    # The /metadata partition requires root access.
    content, ret_code = run_adb_shell_cmd_as_root(f"cat {metric_path}")

    if ret_code != 0:
      print(f"Prefetch metrics file '{metric_path}' not found or not readable, skipping.")
      continue

    # If an output directory is specified, save the content for debugging.
    if output_dir:
      try:
        local_path = os.path.join(output_dir, os.path.basename(metric_path))
        with open(local_path, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:
          f.write(content)
      except IOError as e:
        print(f"Warning: Could not write prefetch metrics to {local_path}: {e}")

    for line in content.splitlines():
      parts = line.strip().split(': ')
      if len(parts) == 2:
        key, value_str = parts
        if key in metrics:
          try:
            value = int(value_str)
          except ValueError:
            print(f"Warning: Could not parse value for key: '{key}' val: '{value_str}'"
                  f"in file {metric_path}. Using 0 instead.")
            value = 0
          # Summing up the metrics from both files
          metrics[key] += value
      else:
        print(f"Error: the line:{line} in file: {metric_path} does not follow "
              f"metric_name: metric_value pattern")

  return metrics


def fetch_perfetto_traces(args, iteration):
  """Retrieves the perfetto traces created and tags them if needed."""
  # No need to tag the trace if we are only doing one iteration
  tag = f"-{iteration}" if args.iterate > 1 else ""
  if args.trace_login:
    run_adb_cmd(
        f"pull -z lz4 {_PERFETTO_LOGIN_TRACE_LOCATION} "
        f"{_PERFETTO_LOGIN_TRACE_OUTPUT_NAME}{tag}.perfetto-trace"
    )


if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()
